形容初中生的美好短语

建议你去买一本针对初中的书，新课标1600词规范释析详解版不错，西藏人民出版社，可以在网上购买，至于你说的要不常见的，这得针对你的英语水平吧，如果你的词汇量现在在3000左右，觉得初中的知识简单了，可以买些高考的词汇书来看，可以找到很多“不常见的短语”，形容词 Ly可以变副词，这也属于构词法的范畴

初中生必掌握的词汇及用法和短语

1. a bit (of) 有一点2. a few （表示肯定）一些；几个3. a kind of 一种；一类4. a little 少量；少许5. a lot of 许多，大量6. a number of 大量；许多7. a pair of 一双，一副8. a piece of 一张，一块，一根9. according to 根据，按照10. after all 毕竟，终究11. again and again 反复地，再三地12. agree to do sth. 同意做某事13. agree with sh. 赞同，同意某人的看法14. all kinds of 各种各样的15. all over the world 遍及全世界16. all right 行了，好吧，（病）好了17. all the time 一直18. all year round 终年；一年到头19. arrive at (in) a place 到达某地20. as long as 只要21. as soon as 一…就…22. as well as 也；又23. as……as possible 尽可能……24. as…as 和……一样25. as usual 通常，平常地26. ask for 要，要求；请求27. at first 首先28. at last 最后29. at least 至少30. at once 马上，立刻31. at the age of 在……岁的时候32. at the end of 在……尽头33. at the moment 此时；现在34. at the same time 同时35. at times 有时；偶尔36. be able to 能够……37. be afraid of sth. 害怕38. be angry with 生……的气39. be bad for 对……有害40. be different from 与……不同41. be famous for 以……著名42. be full of 充满，装满43. be good at 擅长；在……方面做得好44. be good for 对……有好处45. be interested in 对……感兴趣46. be late for 迟到47. be made from/of 用……制成的48. be strict with 对……严格要求49. be used for 用来做……50. belong to 属于51. be proud of 骄傲，自豪52. be used to sth 习惯于53. both……and 两个都，既……又54. by accident 偶然55. break down 损坏56. by air (bus, train, ship) 乘飞机（公共汽车、火车，轮船）57. by the way 顺便说58. call/ring sb. up 打电话给59. care for 喜欢，照顾（病人）60. catch up with 赶上61. change…into 把……变成，转换成62. close to 靠近；接近63. come back 回来64. come down 落，下来65. come/be from 来自66. come in 进来67. come on 加油，过来68. come out 出来；出版；发表69. come true 实现70. come up 上来；上升，抬头71. come up with 提出；想出（主意、回答等）72. compare…with 与…..相比73. connect to 连接，相连74. cut up 齐根割掉，切碎75. cut in line 插队76. deal with 处理；应付77. depend on 视…..而定；决定于78. do/try one`s best 尽力79. do some reading (shopping) 阅读（买东西）80. do well in 在……方面做得好81. dress up 穿上盛装82. each other 互相；相互83. either…or… 或者…或者84. enjoy oneself 过得愉快85. even if/though 即使，尽管86. face to face 面对面87. fall asleep 入睡88. fall into 落入；陷入89. fall ill 患病，病倒90. far away 遥远的91. far from 远离92. feel like doing 想要……；感觉要……93. fill…with 用……填充94. fill in 填充95. find out 查明，发现，了解96. for example 例如97. from …to… 从……到……98. from now/then on 从现在/那时开始99. get along/on with 与……相处100. get into trouble 陷进困难101.get back 反回；回来，回家102. get in 进放；收获，达到103. get off 下车104. get on 上车；过活105. get together 团聚106. get up 起床107. give away 赠送；分发108. give out 分发109. give up 放弃110. go by 走过；经过，过去111. go fishing (shopping, skating) 去钓鱼（买东西，滑冰）112. go for a walk 去散步113. go over 仔细检查复习114. go to bed 上床睡觉115. go to school 去上学116. go to sleep 入睡117. go abroad 出国118. grow up 成长；长大119. hand in 交给120. hand out 分发121. have a cold / catch a cold 患感冒122. have a fever 发烧123. have a good rest 好好休息124. have a good time 玩得高兴，过得快乐125. have a headache 头疼126. have a lesson/take a class 上课127. have a look 看一看128. have a test/an exam 考试129. have fun with 玩得开心130. have to 不得不131. hear from 收到……的来信132. hear of 听说133. help sb with sth. 帮助某人做某事134. help……out 帮助某人解决困难135. help yourself to…… 请随便吃……136. hold on 请稍等(别挂电话）137. hundreds of 好几百；许许多多138. in a hurry 快点139. in a minute 很快，马上140. in common 共同，共有141. in danger 处在危险中142. in fact 实际上；其实143. in front of 在……前面144. in public 当众，公开145. in the end 终于，最后146. in the future 将来147. in the last few years 在过去的几年中148. in the middle of 在……中间149. instead of 代替，而不是150. just now 现在，刚才151. keep sb.doing 让某人一直做某事152. knock into sb. 与……相撞153. knock at/on 敲击154. later on 以后；随后155. laugh at 嘲笑156. lead to 导致，导向157. learn …by oneself 自学158. learn from 向……学习159. leave for 启程去……160. listen to 听……161. look after 照顾，照看162. look at 看……163. look for 寻找164. look forward to 盼望165. look like 看起来像166. look out 留神，当心167. look through 浏览，看穿168. look up (在词典、参考书等中)查阅；查找169. lots of 大量，许多170. make a living 谋生171. make a mistake 犯错误172. make a noise 吵闹173. make a telephone call 打电话174. make faces 做鬼脸175. make friends with 与……交朋友176. make money 赚钱177. make up of 由……组成，构成178. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事179. more than 超过，多于180. neither……nor 既不……也不……181. next to 紧靠……的旁边；贴近182. no longer 不再，已不183. not…any more 不再184. not at all 根本不，全然不185. not only…but also 不但……而且……186. not so……as 不像，不如187. not…until/till 直到……才188. of course 当然189. on foot 走路，步行190. on show 展出，在上演（放映）191. on sale 出售192. on one’s way to… 在去……的路上193. on the phone 通过电话交谈194. on time 准时195. once a week 每周一次196. open up 开戾，开创，开辟197. out of style 不时髦的，过时的198. over and over again 反复，多次重复199. pay attention to 注意200. pay for 付款201. pick up 捡起；拾起202. point to 指向203. put off 推迟204. put on 穿上，戴上；上演205. put out 扑灭，关，熄206. put up 挂起；举起；贴（广告等）207. rather than 而不，非208. regard …as 把……当作209. right away 立即，马上210. run away 逃跑，跑开211. run out of 用完212. sell out 卖完213. set off 动身；起程，使火爆发214. set up 建立，创立215. sleep late 睡过头；起得晚216. so far 到目前为止217. so…that 如此……以致218. spend … on sth. 在……花费……219. stay away from 与……保持距离220. stay up 熬夜；不睡觉221. stop doing sth. 停止做某事222. stop to dosth 停下来做某事223. stop…from doing… 阻止…做…224. such as 例如225. take a bus/train 乘公共汽车/火车226. take a shower 洗澡、沐浴227. take a vacation 去渡假228. take a walk 去散步229. take away 拿走230. take care of 照看；照顾231. take it easy 从容；轻松；不要紧232. take off 起飞；脱衣服233. take out 取出234. take part in 参加235. take place 发生236. talk about 讨论；讨论；议论237. thanks to 幸亏，由于238. the day after tomorrow 后天239. the day before yesterday 昨天240. the more…, the more.. 越……，就越……241. the number of …… 的数量242. the same as与…… 一样243. think about 考虑；认为，想到244. think of 思考，考虑245. thousands of 数以千计的；许许多多246. to be honest 老实说247. to one’s surprise 令某人惊奇的是……248. too…to…太…… 而不能249. try on 试穿250. try one’s best 尽力251. turn down 调节（收音机等）使音量变小252. turn off 关掉253. turn on 打开254. turn up 到过，开大（声音）255. used to do sth. 过去经常做某事；以前常常做某事256. up and down 上上下下257. use up 用完，用光，耗尽258. wait for 等待259. wake up 醒来260. with the help of 在……的帮助下261. work on 从事；忙于262. work out 产生结果；发展；解决263. worry about 担心264. write down 写下；记下265. write to sb 写信给某人短语、词组归纳]由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：一、动词 介词1．look at…看…， look like … 看上去像……， look after …照料…2．listen to…听……3．welcome to…欢迎到……4．say hello to …向……问好5．speak to…对……说话此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。二、动词 副词“动词 副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：A．动词（vt.） 副词1．put on 穿上 2．take off脱下 3．write down记下此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。B．动词（vi） 副词。1．come on赶快 2．get up起床 3．go home回家4．come in进来 5．sit down坐下 6．stand up起立此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。三、其它类动词词组1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games10. play games[介词短语聚焦]“介词 名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。1．in 语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。2．in Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。3．in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。4．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。5．in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。6．in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。7．at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。8．at 时刻表示钟点。9．like this/that表示方式，意为“像……这/那样”。10．of短语表示所属关系。11．behind/ beside/ near/ under 名词等，表示方位、处所。12．from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从……”，后者意为“到……”。另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。[重点句型大回放]1．I think…意为“我认为……”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…，2．give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb.3．take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”，后常接地点，也可接人。4．One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……；另一个是……”，必须是两者中。5．Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内，6．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换.7．What about…？/How about…？意为“……怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。8．It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。9．like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”， 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作，10．ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式，11．show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。12．introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”；introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。[重点短语快速复习]1.kinds of 各种各样的2. either…or…或者……或者……，不是……就是……3. neither…nor…既不……也不……4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶5. take a seat 就坐6. home cooking 家常做法7. be famous for 因……而著名8. on ones way to在……途中9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院10. at the end of在……的尽头，在……的末尾11. wait for 等待12. in time 及时13. make one’s way to…往……（艰难地）走去14. just then 正在那时15. first of all 首先，第一16. go wrong 走错路17. be/get lost 迷路18. make a noise 吵闹，喧哗19. get on 上车20. get off 下车21. stand in line 站队22. waiting room 候诊室，候车室23. at the head of……在……的前头24. laugh at 嘲笑25. throw about 乱丢，抛散26. in fact 实际上27. at midnight 在半夜28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温31. have/get a pain in…某处疼痛32. have a headache 头痛33. as soon as… 一……就……34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事36. fall asleep 入睡37. again and again再三地，反复地38. wake up 醒来，叫醒39. instead of 代替40. look over 检查41. take exercise运动42. had better(not) do sth. 最好（不要）干某事43. at the weekend 在周末44. on time 按时45. out of从……向外46. all by oneself 独立，单独47. lots of=a lot of 许多48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再49. get back 回来，取回50. sooner or later迟早51. run away 逃跑52. eat up 吃光，吃完53. run after 追赶54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) （好好）照顾，照料56. think of 考虑到，想起57. keep a diary 坚持写日记58. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下59. harder and harder 越来越厉害60. turn on打开（电灯、收音机、煤气等）61. turn off 关[重温重点句型]1．So be／助动词／情牵动词／主语．前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用到这种倒装结构，表示“另一人（物）也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用“Neither/ Nor be／助动词／情态动词 主语．”这种倒装结构。注意：“So 主语 be／助动词／情态动词．”这一句型常用于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的看法，表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”2．Turn right／left at the first／second／…crossing.这一指路的句型意为“在第一／二／……个十字路口向右／左拐。”相当于Take the first ／second／…turning on theright／left.3．It takes sb．some time to do sth．此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的主语.4．…think／find it adj. to do sth.此句型中的it是形式宾语，不可用其它代词替代，形容词作宾语的补足语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的宾语。5．What’s wrong with…？此句型相当于What’s the matter/ trouble with…？后跟某物作宾语时，意为“某物出什么毛病了？”后跟某人作宾语时，意为“某人怎么了？”6．too…to…在so…that…复合句中，that后的句子是否定句时，常与简单句too…to…（太……而不能……）进行句型转换。在so…that…复合句中，that后的句子是肯定句时，常与简单句…enough to…进行句型转换.7．Sorry to hear that.全句应为I’m sorry to hear that. 意为“听到此事我很难过（遗憾）。”常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。[重点句型、词组大盘点]1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。[用法] used to 动词原形，表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态，含有现在不再如此之意。[搭配] used to do的否定式可以是usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do.[比较] used to do sth. 过去常做某事；be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事；be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。2.…return it sooner or later.……迟早要将它归还。[用法] l)sooner or later意为“迟早”、“早晚”。2)return此处用作及物动词，意为“归还”，相当于give back.[拓展]return还可用作不及物动词，意为“返回”，相当于go back或come back。3.No matter what the weather is like…无论天气……[用法]no matter what 相当于whatever，其意为“无论什么”，引导状语从句。[拓展]类似no matter what的表达方式还有：no matter when无论什么时候nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;no matter where无论什么地方no matter who无论谁no matter how 无论怎么样4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green.一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。[用法]practise doing sth. 表示“实践、练习（做）某事”。[拓展]practice名词，“实践”、“实施”、“练习”；put a plan into practice实行某计划。5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。[用法]1)encourage用作动词，意思是“鼓励”、“支持”。2)take part in“参加”，常表示参加活动。3)protect 是动词，表示“防御”、“保护”。[搭配]1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人干某事2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害6. …to warn people about sharks in the water. ……警告人们当心水里的鲨鱼。[用法] warn用作动词，意思是“警告”、“警戒”。[搭配]1)warn sb. that从句2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事3)warn sb. to do sth.告诫某人做某事4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事重点句型、词组大盘点 1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。 [ 用法 ] used to 动词原形，表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态，含有现在不再如此之意。 [ 搭配 ] used to do的否定式可以是usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do. [ 比较 ] used to do sth. 过去常做某事；be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事；be used to do sth. 被用来做某事

初中生要掌握的有关环保的英语单词或短语

世界水资源的缺乏World Water Shortage环保专业词汇Abarbeitungsmassnahme 整改措施abblendbar 防眩目的Abdeckteil 覆盖件Abdeckung Stossfaenger 保险杠蒙皮Abdichtmaterial 密封材料;密封胶Abdichtprofil 密封件Abdichtung blaettert ab （细）密封剥落Abdichtung-lokale Fehlbeschichtung （细）密封局部漏涂Abdichtung-lokale Ueberbeschichtung （细）密封局部涂得过多Abdichtung-Nadelloecher （细）密封（针状）小孔Abdichtungskitt 密封胶泥Abfall 废物Abfallaufbereitung 废物处理Abfallentsorgung 排废Abfallwirtschaft 废物治理abfetten 涂脂Abfindungssumme 补偿费Abgas 废气Abgasabsaugung 废气抽吸Abgasemmission 废气排放Abgasgesetz 排放法规Abgaskruemmer 排气歧管Abgasvorschriften 废气排放规定abkanten 修边; 去毛边; 折边Abkantwerkzeug 翻边模Ablage 杂物箱Ablassschraube 放油螺栓Ablieferungspruefung 出厂检验Abluft 废气Abnahme 验收，报交Abnutzung 磨损Abnutzung durch Unfall 故障磨损Abraste 固定夹脱落Abriebfestigkeitspruefung 耐磨试验Abrollhaspel 开卷机ABS (Antiblockiersystem) 防抱死制动系统Absaugungseinrichtung 除尘装置Abschirmblech 屏蔽板; 屏蔽件Abschleppoese 拖钩Abschlussteil 围板Abschneidenwerkzeug 切边模Abschreibungskosten 折旧费用节省资源 save resources倡导资源管理 advocate the management of resources指导，促进和监督计划实施 guide, advance and supervise the implementation of the plan举办咨询会 hold consultation meetings提出合理化建议 put forward valuable suggestions参与实施计划 offer to carry out the programs完善服务 perfect services对缓解交通起重要作用 play a major role in easing traffic参加城市重建 participate in the reconstruction of the city确保计划发成功实施 ensure the successful execution of projects提高环境管理水平 raise the environmental management level建立良好生态环境 create a pleasant ecological environment为大量野生动植物提供栖息地 provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants为人类提供水和食物 supply water and food for human beings非常注意保护森林 pay greater attention to the conservation of forest极力主张各国政府采取行动 urge governments of all countries to take action迈出重要一步 make an important step保留为自然耕地 reserve as natural farmland为当地人带来多种经济和社会效益 bring multiple economic and social benefits to the local people促进城市可持续发展 promote the sustainable development of the city完善城市基础设施建设 perfect the construction of urban infrastructure达到大城市的水平 reach the level of big cities符合举办奥运会的要求 meet the requirements of hosting the Olympic Games优先发展公共运输 give priority to the development of public transportation减少机动车辆 reduce the number of vehicles实行严格的机动车辆排放标准 implement strict vehicle emission standards实施严格的检查，维修制度 carry out a strict system of inspection and maintenance减少浪费 reduce waste加大污染治理力度 strengthen pollution control覆盖树木和草地 cover with trees and grass提高公务员的综合素质 improve the overall quality of civil servants通过资格考试 pass qualification examinations促进相互了解 enhance mutual understanding相互促进 help each other forward互派访问学者 exchange visiting scholars交流经验 exchange experience承担应有的义务 undertake the due obligations发挥---积极性 bring one’s initiative into full play重视实用性 place stress on practicality提供受教育机会 offer a chance of education有力的推动教育的发展 give a big push to the development of education保护和改善生活和生态环境 protect and improve the living environment and the ecological environment普及环保知识 popularize environmental protection knowledge防治污染 prevent and control pollution加强水土保持 reinforce the conservation of water and soil享受国家一级保护 enjoy first-class protection of the State保持生态平衡 keep ecological balance加强城市绿化 strengthen the greening of the city采用环保技术 adopt environmental protection technique开展保护野生动物宣传教育 advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals赶超先进 surpass the advanced增加农业投入 invest more in agriculture扫除文盲 eliminate illiteracy营造良好的文化环境 create a healthy cultural environment促进文化市场健康发展 facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products开展对外文化交流 conduct cultural exchange with other countries博采各国文化之长 draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries开展群性文化活动 carry out mass activities on culture保护文化遗产 protect cultural heritage继承历史文化优秀传统 carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history繁荣文学艺术 enable literature and art to flourish尊重知识，尊重人才 respect knowledge and respect competent people向世界展示中国的文化成就 introduce China’s cultural achievements to the world加强文化基础设施建设 build more cultural establishments提倡文明的生活方式 advocate civilized lifestyle深化文化体制改革 deepen the reform of the system of managing cultural undertaking推动人类文明进步 push forward human civilization与各国人民交往 communicate with people of all countries和---持相同观点 share views similar to普及科普知识，传播科学思想，倡导科学精神 popularize scientific and technological knowledge, spread scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit从国外引进先进技术和管理经验 introduce from abroad the advanced technology and management expertise优胜劣汰 select the superior and eliminate the inferior保证下岗职工的基本生活 guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers深化改革 deepen the reform让位于竞争需要 give way to the need for competition吸引外商投资 attract foreign investment抓住机遇 seize opportunities适应---的发展 adapt oneself to the development of和---进一步合作 further cooperation with促进地区间的合作 promote regional cooperation筹集足够的资金 raise enough funds承担风险 bear risk十分重视 attach importance to制定---法律 make a law of刺激国内需求 stimulate domestic demand打破垄断 break the monopoly加快竞争步伐 accelerate the competition对---构成威胁 pose a threat to给予财政资助 support financially给---造成经济损失 cause a loss to给---带来机遇和挑战 bring both opportunities and challenges to加快经济发展和结构调整 speed up economic development and restructuring开发中国市场 tap the Chinese market阻碍---的发展 handicap the development有望达到 be expected to reach占领市场10% occupy 10 percent of the market缩小---间的距离 narrow the gap between减轻---的负担 lighten the burden of采取反垄断措施 take anti-monopoly measures to加快努力 speed up efforts to面对可能的压力和竞争 face possible pressure and competition发挥自身优势 give full play to one’s advantages扩大消费市场 expand consumption market改善投资环境 improve the environment for investment扩大贫富差距 widen the gap between the rich and the poor为---提供巨大商机 present huge business opportunities快速稳定增长 grow fast and steadily遵循市场经济的规律 follow the law of market economy根据市场作出调整 gear ourselves to the market orientation和---有合作关系 have cooperative ties with进行和谈 hold peace talks在---中起重要作用 play a major role in对---做出重大贡献 make important contributions to解决新问题 resolve new problems观察当今世界 observe the present-day world增强凝聚力 enhance the rally power保持生机和活力 maintain the vigor and vitality把---看成社会公敌 look upon--- as a threat to society把---捐给慈善机构 donate --- to charities维护世界和平 maintain world peace摆脱贫穷落后 get rid of poverty and backwardness实现发展繁荣 bring about development and prosperity对---具有深远影响 have a far-reaching impact of面对---明显的缺陷 face up to the obvious defects of进行战略性调整 make strategic readjustment防止腐败 prevent corruption提高公务员工资 raise the salaries of civil servants计算出准确的工资水平 figure out an exact salary level和平公处 coexist peacefully对内开放和对外开放 open up both externally and internally日益昌盛 become increasingly prosperous快速发展 develop rapidly隆重集会 gather ceremoniously追求进步 pursue progress展望光明前景 look to the bright future回顾奋斗历程 review the course of struggle展望伟大征程 look into the great journey充满信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength战胜无数的困难 overcome numerous difficulties赢得一个又一个胜利 win one victory after another面貌焕然一心 put on an entirely new look实现民族独立 realize national independence开创---的事业 create the cause of进入新时期 enter a new period实行新政策 practice new policies增强综合国力和国际竞争力 enhance comprehensive national strength and international competitiveness进入世界先进行列 edge into the advanced ranks in the world解决温饱问题 solve the problem of food and clothing吸收各国文明的先进成果 absorb what is advanced in other civilizations建立巩固的国防 build a strong national defense